E

EDC Fine Structure Length Fraction

C_{l} {(\frac{υ T}{L^{2}})}^{0.25}

in Eqn. (3413).


Function Name:	`EdcFineStructLength`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Turbulence-Chemistry Interactions model

EDC Fine Structure Time

The fine structure (flamelet) region residence time,

τ

in Eqn. (3414).


Function Name:	`EdcFineStructTime`
Dimensions:	[Time]
Default units:	s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Turbulence-Chemistry Interactions model

EDC Mean Reaction Rate Ratio

The ratio

f

that is calculated by Eqn. (3413) which is used to modify the chemical reaction source term in Eqn. (3412).


Function Name:	`EdcMeanReactionRateRatio`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Turbulence-Chemistry Interactions model

Eddy-Current Loss Coefficient

Corresponds to the coefficient

C_{e}

in Eqn. (4344).


Function Name:	`EddyCurrentLossCoefficient`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Modified Steinmetz

Eddy Velocity Fluctuation

The difference between the instantaneous and Reynolds-Averaged velocity in eddies of the particles. It is the quantity

v'

in Eqn. (2999).


Function Name:	`EddyVelocityFluctuation`
Dimensions:	[Velocity]
Default units:	m/s
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Lagrangian phase with Turbulent Dispersion
Requires:	Temporary Storage Retained (Lagrangian Multiphase solver)

EdgeLength

Displays the average edge length on faces. Only available for surface meshes.


Function Name:	`EdgeLength`
Dimensions:	[Length]
Default units:	m
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Importing parts, using the surface remesher

Effective Conductivity

The effective thermal conductivity given by

k_{eff} = k + (μ_{t} C_{p}) / σ_{t}

where

σ_{t}

is the turbulent Prandtl number.

For porous regions this field function is given by

$k_{eff} = α [k + (μ_{t} C_{p}) / σ_{t}] + (1 - α) k_{s o l i d}$


Function Name:	`EffectiveConductivity`
Dimensions:	[Power/Length-Temperature]
Default units:	W/m-K
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Coupled Energy, Coupled Fluid Energy, Coupled Solid Energy, Segregated Fluid Energy, Segregated Fluid Enthalpy, Segregated Fluid Temperature Segregated Solid Energy

Effective Electrical Conductivity

σ

in Eqn. (4093), and

κ

in Eqn. (4097).


Function Name:	`LiIonBatteryEffectiveElectricalConductivity`
Dimensions:	[Electrical Conductance/Length]
Default units:	S/m
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Li-Ion Electric Potential

Effective Intermittency

The transported variable

γ_{e f f}

, see Eqn. (1510).


Function Name:	`EffectiveIntermittency`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Gamma ReTheta Transition

Effective Mass Diffusivity of <species>

The effective mass diffusivity,

D_{eff} = D_{m} + μ_{t} / ({ρ σ}_{t})

, where

D_{m}

is the molecular diffusivity,

μ_{t}

is the turbulent viscosity, and

σ_{t}

is the turbulent Schmidt number. For laminar flows,

μ_{t} = 0

, and

D_{eff} = D_{m}


Function Name:	`Diffusivity<species>`
Dimensions:	[Length²/Time]
Default units:	m²/s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Multi-Component Gas, Multi-Component Liquid, Multi-Component Solid

Effective Mass Diffusivity of [component] in [multi-component material]

For multi-component phases only.


Function Name:	`Diffusivity[Component][Multi-ComponentMaterial]`
Dimensions:	[Length^2/Time]
Default units:	m^2/s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Homogeneous Relaxation

Effective Particle Volume

The volume of a particle minus the overlapping volume beyond the plane(s) of intersection with any other particle(s).


Function Name:	`EffectiveParticleVolume`
Dimensions:	[Volume]
Default units:	m^3
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	DEM Particles

Effective Plastic Strain

Represents a scalar measure for the plastic strain (see Eqn. (4519)).


Function Name:	`EffectivePlasticStrain`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Material Laws with Plasticity

Effective Viscosity

The sum of the laminar and turbulent viscosities

μ + μ_{t}


Function Name:	`EffectiveViscosity`
Dimensions:	[Pressure-Time]
Default units:	Pa-s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Spalart-Allmaras Turbulence models, K-Epsilon Turbulence models , K-Omega Turbulence models, HB Turbulence models, RNG K-Epsilon

Effective Volume


Function Name:	`EffectiveVolume`
Dimensions:	[Volume]
Default units:	m³
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Coupled or Segregated Flow, Porous Media Thermal Equilibrium, Porous Media Thermal Non-Equilibrium

Effective Volume of [phase]

The effective volume of the Eulerian phase.


Function Name:	`EffectiveVolume[phase]`
Dimensions:	[Volume]
Default units:	m³
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Dispersed Multiphase (DMP), Eulerian Multiphase (EMP), Volume of Fluid (VOF) Multiphase, Mixture Multiphase (MMP)

Efficiency Factor

The efficiency factor models an increase in the turbulent flame speed due to eddies smaller than the thickened flame, which are lost in the artificial thickening process. See

E

in Eqn. (3463).


Function Name:	`EfficiencyFactor`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Thickened Flame model

Elastic Electron Collisional Cross Section

Elastic collision momentum transfer cross-section

σ_{ζ e}

which is used to calculate the collision frequency.


Function Name:	`Elastic Electron Collision Cross Section`
Dimensions:	[Length^2]
Default units:	m^2
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Plasma

Electrical Conductivity

Represents the scalar electrical conductivity

σ

of isotropic materials (see Eqn. (4228), Eqn. (4093)) and

κ_{0}

(see Eqn. (4097)).


Function Name:	`ElectricalConductivity`
Dimensions:	[Electric Conductance/Length]
Default units:	S/m
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Electrodynamic Potential, Li-Ion Electric Potential, Shell Electromagnetic Potential

Electrical Conductivity (Imag, Real, Phase, Magnitude)

Represent the imaginary part, real part, phase, and magnitude of the complex electrical conductivity

σ

in Eqn. (4263).


Function Name:	Imag — `ElecticConductivityImag` Real — `ElectricConductivityReal` Phase — `ElectricConductivityPhase` Magnitude — `ElectricConductivityMagnitude`
Dimensions:	[Electric Conductance/Length]
Default units:	S/m
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Harmonic Balance FV Electrodynamic Potential, Harmonic Balance FV Magnetic Vector Potential, Harmonic Balance FV Transverse Magnetic Potential

Electrical Conductivity (Symmetric Tensor)

For porous regions and anisotropic solid regions, the electrical conductivity

σ

in Eqn. (4228) is a symmetric tensor. For porous regions, this field function represents the effective electrical conductivity tensor

σ_{e f f}

(see Eqn. (4230)).

Previous versions of Simcenter STAR-CCM+ provided a scalar field functions for each component of the electrical conductivity tensor. When restoring simulations containing these field functions, you are provided with both the tensor field function and the component field functions.


Function Name:	`ElectricalConductivitySymmetricTensor`
Dimensions:	[Electrical Conductance/Length]
Default units:	S/m
Type:	Symmetric Tensor
Activated by:	Electrodynamic Potential, Shell Electromagnetic Potential

Electric Current Density

Vector field function that represents the electric current density

J

in Eqn. (4228).


Function Name:	`ElectricCurrentDensity`
Dimensions:	[Current/Length^2]
Default units:	A/m^2
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Finite Element Magnetic Vector Potential, Finite Volume Magnetic Vector Potential

Electric Current Density (Imag, Real, Phase, Magnitude)

Represent the imaginary part, real part, phase, and magnitude of the complex electric current density

\hat{J}

in Eqn. (4269).


Function Name:	Imag — `ElectriccCurrentDensityImag` Real — `ElectricCurrentDensityReal` Phase — `ElectricCurrentDensityPhase` Magnitude — `ElectricCurrentDensityMagnitude`
Dimensions:	Imag, Real, Magnitude — [Cuurent/Length^2] Phase — [Angle]
Default units:	Imag, Real, Magnitude — A/m^2 Phase — Radians
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	One-Way Coupled MHD, Harmonic Balance FE Magnetic Vector Potential, Harmonic Balance FV Electrodynamic Potential Harmonic Balance FV Magnetic Vector Potential, Two-Way Coupled MHD

Electric Current Density-Z

Vector field function that represents the component of the electric current density

J

normal to the 2D domain.


Function Name:	`ElectricCurrentDensity_Z`
Dimensions:	[Current/Length^2]
Default units:	A/m^2
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Transverse Magnetic Potential

Electric Current Density-Z (Imag, Real, Phase, Magnitude)

Represent the imaginary part, real part, phase, and magnitude of the complex electric current density

{\hat{J}}_{z}

. The electric current density magnitude,

| {\hat{J}}_{z} |

, is also referred to as the peak value.


Function Name:	Imag — ElectricCurrentDensity-ZImag Real — ElectricCurrentDensity-ZReal Phase —ElectricCurrentDensity-ZPhase Magnitude — ElectricCurrentDensity-ZMagnitude
Dimensions:	Imag, Real, Magnitude — [Current/Length^2] Phase — [Angle]
Default units:	Imag, Real, Magnitude — A/m^2 Phase — Radians
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Harmonic Balance FV Transverse Magnetic Potential

Electric Current Sheet (Imag, Real, Phase, Magnitude)

Represent the imaginary part, real part, phase, and magnitude of the complex electric current sheet

{\hat{J}}_{S}

(see Eqn. (4313)).


Function Name:	Imag — ElectricCurrentSheetImag Real — ElectricCurrentSheetReal Phase —ElectricCurrentSheetZPhase Magnitude — ElectricCurrentSheetMagnitude
Dimensions:	Imag, Real, Magnitude — [Current/Length] Phase — [Angle]
Default units:	Imag, Real, Magnitude — A/m Phase — Radians
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Harmonic Balance FE Magnetic Vector Potential

Electric Field

E

in Eqn. (4093).


Function Name:	`ElectricField`
Dimensions:	[Electric Potential/Length]
Default units:	V/m
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Li-Ion Electric Potential

Electric Flux Density

Corresponds to the electric flux density

D

in Eqn. (4219).


Function Name:	`ElectricFluxDensity`
Dimensions:	[Electric Charge/Length^2]
Default units:	s-A/m^2
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Electrostatic Potential

Electric Potential

ϕ

in Eqn. (4100).


Function Name:	`ElectricPotential`
Dimensions:	[Electric Potential]
Default units:	V
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Li-Ion Electric Potential

Electrochemical Equilibrium Potential of [Reaction] of [Surface Mechanism]

Displays the electrochemical equilibrium potential

U_{e q}

in Eqn. (4122) and Eqn. (4139).


Function Name:	`EquilibriumPotential[Reaction][SurfaceMechanism]`
Dimensions:	[Electric Potential]
Default units:	V
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Electrochemical Reaction

Electrochemical Reaction Rate of [Reaction] of [Surface Mechanism]

Displays the electrochemical reaction rate (specific reaction current density),

j_{n, s}

, in:

Eqn. (4129) when using the Butler Volmer reaction method
Eqn. (4132) when using the Tafel reaction method
Eqn. (4134) when using the Tafel Slope (log 10) reaction method
Eqn. (4136) when using the Transport Limited Tafel Slope (log 10) reaction method


Function Name:	`ElectrochemicalReactionRate[Reaction][SurfaceMechanism]`
Dimensions:	[Current/Length^2]
Default units:	A/m^2
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Electrochemical Reaction

Electrochemical Species Residence Time

Displays the residence time of electrochemical species within a specified volume. See Eqn. (4178).


Function Name:	`ElectrochemicalSpeciesResidenceTime`
Dimensions:	[Time]
Default units:	s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Bulk Ion Chemical Reactions

Electromagnetic Force Density

Electromagnetic force density at an interface between two materials (

f_{E M}

in Eqn. (4349)).


Function Name:	`ElectromagneticForceDensity`
Dimensions:	[Stress]
Default units:	Pa
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Finite Volume Magnetic Vector Potential

Electromagnetic Nodal Force

Represents the electromagnetic force at mesh nodes, as defined in Eqn. (4353).


Function Name:	`ElectromagneticNodalForce`
Dimensions:	[Force]
Default units:	N
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Magnetic Modal Force

Electromagnetic Stress

Electromagnetic stress vector (

p

in Eqn. (4351)). The electromagnetic stress vector can be used to calculate the total electromagnetic force acting on a body surrounded by air (see Eqn. (4350)).


Function Name:	`ElectromagneticStress`
Dimensions:	[Stress]
Default units:	Pa
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Finite Element Magnetic Vector Potential

Electromechanical Stress Tensor

Electromechanical stress tensor

σ_{E M}

, as defined in Eqn. (4347) (for linear materials) and Eqn. (4348) (for nonlinear materials).


Function Name:	`ElectromechanicalStressTensor`
Dimensions:	[Stress]
Default units:	Pa
Type:	Symmetric Tensor
Activated by:	Finite Element Magnetic Vector Potential, Finite Volume Magnetic Vector Potential

Electron Elastic Collision Energy Source

Electron elastic collision energy source term,

S_{e l}

in Eqn. (4193).


Function Name:	`Electron Elastic Collision Energy Source`
Dimensions:	[Energy/Volume-Time]
Default units:	j/m^3-s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Plasma

Electron Energy Density

Electron energy density,

\in_{e}


Function Name:	`Electron Energy Density`
Dimensions:	[Energy/Volume]
Default units:	J/m^3
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Plasma

Electron Number Density (Ap Coefficient, Correction, Gradient, Limiter, Recon, Residual)

Electron number density,

n_{e}


Function Name:	Ap Coefficient — `Electron Number DensityAp` Correction — `Electron Number DensitySource` Gradient — `Electron Number DensityGrad` Limiter — `Electron Number DensityLimiter` Recon — `Electron Number DensityRGrad` Residual — `Electron Number DensityResidual`
Dimensions:	Ap Coefficient — [Mass/Volume-Time] Correction — [/Volume] Gradient — [/Volume-Length] Limiter — [Dimensionless] Recon — [/Volume-Length] Residual — [Dimensionless]
Default units:	Ap Coefficient — kg/m^3-s Correction — J/m^3 Gradient — J/m^4 Limiter — N/A Recon — J/m^4 Residual — N/A
Type:	Ap Coefficient — Scalar Correction — Scalar Gradient — Array Limiter — Scalar Recon — Array Residual — Scalar
Activated by:	Ambipolar Diffusion model with Temporary Storage Retained activated on the Coupled Plasma Electron solver.

Electron Ohmic Energy Source

Electron Ohmic heating energy source term,

S_{Ω}

in Eqn. (4193).


Function Name:	`Electron Ohmic Energy Source`
Dimensions:	[Energy/Volume-Time]
Default units:	J/m^3-s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Plasma

Electron Temperature

Electron temperature,

T_{e}


Function Name:	`Electron Temperature`
Dimensions:	[Temperature]
Default units:	K
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Plasma

Electrostatic Force Density

Electrostatic force density at the interface between two materials (

f_{E S}

in Eqn. (4276)). At the interface between materials with the same permittivity

ε

f_{E S}

evaluates to zero.


Function Name:	`ElectrostaticForceDensity`
Dimensions:	[Stress]
Default units:	Pa
Type:	Vector
Activated by:	Electrostatic Potential

Element Type

Scalar field function that identifies each element topology with a unique number. To visualize the mesh element type, display this field function in a scalar scene. If all the elements in the mesh are of the same type, the color bar will display a single number. The values associated with each element topology are listed in the section, Element Type Reference.

The element type identifies the specific star cell topology for each cell. Each number corresponds to a different type of topology, as shown below:

One Dimensional

3—STAR_LINE_CELL
21—STAR_QUADRATIC_EDGE

Two Dimensional

5—STAR_TRI_CELL
7—STAR_POLYGON_CELL
9—STAR_QUAD_CELL
22—STAR_QUADRATIC_TRIANGLE
23—STAR_QUADRATIC_QUAD

Three Dimensional

10—STAR_TET_CELL
12—STAR_HEX_CELL
13—STAR_WEDGE_CELL
14—STAR_PYRAMID_CELL
24—STAR_QUADRATIC_TETRA
25—STAR_QUADRATIC_HEXAHEDRON
26—STAR_QUADRATIC_WEDGE
29—STAR_TRIQUADRATIC_HEXAHEDRON
41—STAR_UNIDENTIFIED_CELL
42—STAR_POLYHEDRON

To visualize the mesh element type, display this field function in a scalar scene. If all the elements in the mesh are of the same type, the color bar will display a single number. The values associated with each element topology are listed in the section, Element Type Reference.


Function Name:	`ElemType`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Solid Stress, Volume mesh models

Energy Residual

This residual becomes available in simulations involving heat transfer for fluids alone when the energy solver has the Temporary Storage Retained property activated.

In a multiphase continuum, a version of this field function is created for each phase.


Function Name:	`TemperatureResidual`
Dimensions:	[Power]
Default units:	W
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Coupled Energy, Segregated Fluid Enthalpy, Segregated Fluid Temperature

Energy Source

The rate of energy transfer from the Lagrangian phase to the Eulerian phase through the phase interaction.


Function Name:	`EulerianLagrangianEnergySource`
Dimensions:	[Power]
Default units:	W
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Impingement

Elliptic Blending Function

The transported variable

α


Function Name:	`EblFunction`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	EB K-Epsilon, Lag EB K-Epsilon

Enthalpy of [species]

The enthalpy of the specified species.


Function Name:	`Enthalpy[species]`
Dimensions:	[Energy/Mass]
Default units:	J/kg
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	ECFM-3Z model, ECFM-CLEH model

Enthalpy of [component] in [multi-component material]

For multi-component phases only.


Function Name:	`Enthalpy[component]`
Dimensions:	[Energy/Mass]
Default units:	J/kg
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Homogeneous Relaxation

Entropy

Displays the entropy

s

of the fluid.


Function Name:	`Entropy`
Dimensions:	[Energy/Mass-Temperature]
Default units:	J/kg-K
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Equation of State

Entropy Function

Measures the degree to which a flow is isentropic. Represented by

S

in [eqnlink].


Function Name:	`EntropyFunction`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Equation of State

Equivalent Plastic Strain

Represents a scalar measure for the plastic strain that is accumulated as the plastic deformation increases (see Eqn. (4518)).


Function Name:	`EquivalentPlasticStrain`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Material Laws with Plasticity

Equivalence Ratio

Φ

in Eqn. (3576).


Function Name:	`Equivalence Ratio`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	ECFM-3Z model, ECFM-CLEH model

Erosion Rate

The sum of Abrasive Wear Rate and Impact Wear Rate. It is the quantity

E_{f}

in Eqn. (3306).


Function Name:	`ErosionRate`
Dimensions:	[Mass/Length^2-Time]
Default units:	kg/m^2-s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Erosion model

Error Estimate of <variable>

Highlights where high numerical inaccuracy impact the accuracy of the respective cost function.


Function Name:	`Adjoint1::AdjointErrorEstimate`
Dimensions:	[Dimensions of variable]
Default units:	Units of variable
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Adjoint Error Estimates

Evaporation Rate of <Vapor Component> of <Phase>

The rate of change of each transferred component due to quasi-steady evaporation.

Only active when Temporary Storage Retained is activated within the Segregated MMP solver.


Function Name:	`EvaporationRate<VapourComponent><Phase>`
Dimensions:	[Mass/Volume-Time]
Default units:	kg/m^3-s
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Spalding Evaporation/Condensation Model

Exhaust Gas Recirculation Mass Fraction

Z_{E G R}

in Eqn. (3875), Eqn. (3876), and Eqn. (3877).


Function Name:	`Exhaust Gas Recirculation Mass Fraction`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	ECFM-CLEH model

Exhaust Gas Recirculation Mole Fraction

Mass fraction of product (burnt) species

Y_{E G R}

in Eqn. (3452).


Function Name:	`Egr`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Only available when Temporary Storage Retained property is activated within the Segregated Species solver. Turbulent Flame Speed Closure (Complex Chemistry)

Exhaust Gas Recirculation Mole Fraction

X_{e g r}

in Eqn. (3946).


Function Name:	`Egr`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	ECFM-3Z model

Explicit relaxation factor

A scaling factor that is used to relax all coupled flow corrections explicitly before they are applied to the flow solution, also known as a damped update.


Function Name:	`UrfED`
Dimensions:	[Dimensionless]
Default units:	N/A
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Coupled or Segregated Flow

Exponential Time Filtered Stress Tensor

The mean Reynolds-stresses

T_{res}

as calculated by the EWA method.


Function Name:	`ExpTimeFilteredStressTensor`
Dimensions:	[Velocity²]
Default units:	(m/s)²
Type:	SymmetricTensor
Activated by:	Anisotropic Linear Forcing

Exponential Time Filtered Velocity

The mean velocity

〈 \tilde{v} 〉

as calculated by the EWA method.


Function Name:	`ExpTimeFilteredVelocity`
Dimensions:	[Velocity]
Default units:	m/s
Type:	Array
Activated by:	Anisotropic Linear Forcing

External Ambient Temperature

The boundary ambient temperature that you specify for convection thermal boundary conditions. This field function is only available on boundaries for which the Convection option has been selected as the Thermal Specification.


Function Name:	`AmbientTemperature`
Dimensions:	[Temperature]
Default units:	K
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Coupled Energy, Coupled Fluid Energy, Coupled Solid Energy, Segregated Fluid Energy, Segregated Fluid Enthalpy, Segregated Fluid Temperature, Segregated Solid Energy

External Heat Transfer Coefficient

description


Function Name:	`ExternalHeatTransferCoefficient`
Dimensions:	[Power/Length²-Temperature]
Default units:	W/m²-K
Type:	Scalar
Activated by:	Coupled Energy, Coupled Fluid Energy, Coupled Solid Energy, Segregated Fluid Energy, Segregated Fluid Enthalpy, Segregated Fluid Temperature, Segregated Solid Energy

Extra Stress n

The terms Extra Stress 1, Extra Stress 2, ... that sum to

T^{p}

in Eqn. (706). There is a term for each viscoelastic mode used. (Viscoelastic)


Function Name:	`ExtraStress n`
Dimensions:	[Pressure]
Default units:	Pa
Type:	SymmetricTensor
Activated by:	Viscoelastic