Porous Media Model Workflow

To position the porous medium within the computational domain, create a separate fluid region that spans the porous medium. Select Regions > [Region] and make sure that Type is set to Fluid Region.

In the physics continuum, activate the following physics models, in order:


Group Box	Model
Time	Any
Material	For single-phase flow: Gas or Liquid For multi-phase flow: Multiphase Eulerian Multiphase Model: Eulerian Multiphase Mixture Eulerian Multiphase Mixture Model: N-Phase Mixture
Flow	Any
Equation of State	Any
Viscous Regime	Any
Optional Models	Porous Media See Porous Media model To model pressure losses, select Porous Media Drag. See Porous Media Drag model. If you want to compute the energy distribution inside a porous medium, select one of the following: Coupled Energy Segregated Fluid Enthalpy Segregated Fluid Isothermal Segregated Fluid Temperature

If you want to consider thermal effects in the porous medium (required when using the Electrochemistry model), depending on the thermal situation that you want to model, do one of the following:

Thermal Situation

Steps

Solid and fluid inside porous region are not in thermal equilibrium.

For the physics continuum, select the following models:


Group Box	Model
Porous Media Energy	Porous Media Thermal Non-Equilibrium This model solves one energy transport equation for fluid temperature and another one for solid temperature in the region.
Optional Models	Multiphase Interaction

After the phase interaction is created, the heat transfer coefficient and interaction area density profiles for the solid phase appear under the Physics Values node of the phase interaction node in the region.

Solid and fluid inside porous region are in thermal equilibrium.

From the Porous Media Energy group box, select Porous Media Thermal Equilibrium. This model solves a single energy transport equation. See Porous Media Thermal Equilibrium model.

If you want to model electromagnetism in a porous medium without the effects of temperature, select the Electromagnetism model from Optional Models.

Right-click the Continua > [Physics] > Models > Porous Media > Porous Phases node and create a new porous phase.

For the porous phase, Porous Phases > [Phase], select the following models in order:


Group Box	Model
Material	Solid
Equation of State	Any
Optional Models	If the solid phase is electrically conducting, select Electromagnetism. Electrodynamic Potential (selected automatically)
	To model ionic species flux in a solid porous phase, select Electrochemistry and the Solid Ion model. See Electrochemistry Model Reference and Solid Ion Model Reference. To model the transport of ions within the active material of the battery electrode, select Electrochemistry and Subgrid Particle Intercalation Model see Subgrid Particle Intercalation Model Reference.
	To simulate surface reactions, select Surface Chemistry. See Surface Chemistry Model Reference.

If you are using the Porous Media Thermal Non-Equilibrium model, define a phase interaction:

Right-click the [Physics] > Models > Multiphase Interaction node and select New > [solid phase] > [fluid phase]. This creates a new [phase interaction] node under Phase Interactions.

For the [phase interaction], select the following models:


Group Box	Model
Optional Models	To calculate energy transfer between the solid and fluid phases of the porous region, activate: Porous Phase-Physics Continuum Interaction Porous Phase-Physics Continuum Energy Transfer See Porous Phase-Physics Continuum Interaction model.

Expand the [Phase] > Models > Solid node and define the material properties of the porous medium.

If you are simulating electromagnetism, specify an initial value for the electric potential in the porous medium under the [Phase] > Initial Conditions > Electric Potential node.

If you are simulating ionic species flux in a solid porous phase, specify the electrochemical species under the [Phase] > Models > Solid Ion > Electrochemical Species Components node.

To associate the solid porous phase with the region, select [Phase] and set Regions to the porous medium region that you create in Step 1.

Expand the [Region] > Physics Values node:

To specify the pressure drop across the porous medium, set Porous Inertial Resistance and Porous Viscous Resistance.
See Porous Media Drag Model Region Settings.
For Eulerian multiphase mixture flows, for each phase, select [Region] > Phase Conditions > [phase] > Physics Values > Porous Inertial Resistance. Select the value of the Method property and specify the values of each component of the selected tensor.

Repeat for Porous Viscous Resistance.

In the [Region] > Physics Values > Porous Inertial Resistance and Porous Viscous Resistance, the Method property is automatically set to Mixture Porous Inertial Resistance and Mixture Porous Viscous Resistance, respectively.
To specify the fraction of the porous medium that is occupied by fluid, set Porosity to a value between 0 and 1. See Porosity.
To specify the ratio between actual (convoluted) path length between two points in the porous medium and the length of the straight path connecting the same points, set Tortuosity to a value equal or greater than 1.

Edit the Regions > [region] > Boundaries > [boundary] > Physics Conditions node and specify boundary conditions.

If you are using the Porous Media Thermal Non-Equilibrium model, specify:

Phasic Thermal Specification at wall boundaries.
Thermal Specification at contact interface boundaries.

See Thermal Boundary Conditions for Porous Media Thermal Non-Equilibrium Model.

Expand the [Region] > Phase Conditions > [Phase] > Physics Values node and specify the Volume Fraction of the porous phase.

If you are using the Porous Media Thermal Non-Equilibrium model, expand the [region] > Phase Conditions > [phase interaction] > Physics Values node and specify the heat transfer coefficient and interaction area density profiles for the solid phase.